1. The main product lines include the API 610 OH, BB, and VS series, as well as pulp pumps, self-priming pumps, axial-flow pumps, mixed-flow pumps, and others.

2. Our pumps can serve as direct replacements for brands such as Sulzer, Ebara, Fluor, KSB, ITT Goulds, Sundyne, Ruland Pump Company, Dico, Imperial, Nippon Seiki, and Hermetic—leading European and American manufacturers.

3. We offer canister pumps and magnetic drive pumps as replacements for pumps manufactured by Imperial, Nippon Seiki, and Hermetic.

4. We offer overseas on-site design and selection, installation and commissioning services for API 610 pumps, as well as training services.

5. Our greatest strength lies in designing high-efficiency pumps for our customers, thereby reducing their costs. We export substantial volumes of high-end API 610–compliant pumps to Russia and Iran, serving as replacements for products from SULZER, KSB, and Flowserve.

6. The export destinations for API 610 pumps include major oil-producing countries such as Russia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Libya, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Brazil, Algeria, Oman, Sudan, and South Sudan, with annual export value reaching US$30 million.

7. Technical Advantages: (1) Remote Monitoring: Real-time pressure and temperature sensors transmit data to the central control room. (2) Self-Diagnosis of Faults: Artificial intelligence algorithms analyze operational data to predict fault types and locations. (3) Adaptive Parameter Adjustment: Operating parameters are automatically adjusted in response to changes in operating conditions. (4) Vibration/Temperature Monitoring: Includes bearing temperature and vibration measurement, mechanical seal temperature measurement, and leak detection. (5) Fault Early Warning: Automatic alarms are triggered upon detection of any abnormalities to prevent sudden shutdowns.

Kazakhstan’s refining industry is characterized by state leadership, the involvement of medium- and deep-processing refineries, and an oligopolistic structure dominated by three major refineries. The country’s annual crude oil production exceeds 90 million tonnes, yet its domestic refining capacity is severely inadequate—approximately 18 million tonnes per year—resulting in a long-standing reliance on imported refined petroleum products.

As of 2026, only three companies—namely the three major refineries—possess truly large-scale refining capacity; the remainder are small private enterprises or petrochemical-related firms. Below is a detailed ranking of Kazakhstan’s top ten refiners, based on a comprehensive assessment of refining capacity, market share, and industry standing.

I. Shymkent Refinery (SNPH) – a leading China–Kazakhstan joint venture and Kazakhstan’s largest oil refinery

1. Company Overview
Established/Commissioned: 1985 (Soviet era)
Headquarters/Location: Shymkent, southern Kazakhstan (Turkestan Region)
Equity Structure: Kazakhstan National Oil and Gas Company (KMG) holds a 50% stake, and China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) holds a 50% stake.
Industry Position: The largest refinery in Kazakhstan and a leading refining and petrochemical enterprise, accounting for approximately 35% of the country’s total refined oil output.
Designed annual production capacity: 6 million tonnes (actual processing capacity in 2025 was 6.23 million tonnes).
Expansion Plan: China–Kazakhstan cooperation will be expanded to 12 million tonnes per year (a “6+6” dual-train configuration), with completion expected before 2032.

2. Core Business and Products
Raw Materials: Primarily processed crude oil from western Kazakhstan (Tengiz and Karachaganak).
Product Structure (2025) Annual Production Capacity:

Gasoline: 2.28 million tonnes (AI-92/95, Euro V standard)

Diesel: 2.1 million tonnes (ultra-low sulfur, Euro V)

Aviation kerosene: 319,000 tonnes

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): 335,000 tonnes

Market: Serves southern and central Kazakhstan and exports to neighboring countries such as Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.

3. Technology and Advantages

Level of modernization: As the “youngest” of the three major refineries, it boasts relatively advanced equipment and an processing depth of approximately 75%.

China–Kazakhstan Technical Cooperation: Comprehensive introduction of China National Petroleum Corporation’s catalytic cracking and hydrofining technologies to ensure stable product quality.

Regional Monopoly: Controls the refined oil market in southern Central Asia, with a 54% share of the gasoline market and a 46% share of the diesel market.

4. Latest Developments

Doubling Capacity: In February 2026, Kazakhstan’s national oil and gas company and CNODC officially launched a feasibility study for capacity expansion.

Strategic Positioning: As a core project under the national “Refining and Petrochemical Modernization” initiative, it aims to alleviate the domestic supply shortage of high-octane gasoline.

II. Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant – Kazakhstan’s Second-Largest Refinery

1. Company Overview
Commissioning date: 1978 (Soviet era)
Location: Pavlodar, northeastern Kazakhstan
Equity Ownership: 100% owned by Kazakhstan National Oil and Gas Company (KMG)
Production capacity: 5.5 million tonnes per year (actual processing volume in 2025 was 5.76 million tonnes).
Current situation: The second-largest refinery, serving northeastern Kazakhstan and southern Siberia in Russia.

2. Core Business and Products
Feedstock: West Siberian crude oil, North Kazakhstan crude oil
Products (2025):
Gasoline: 1.6 million tons
Diesel: 1.8 million tonnes (one of the largest diesel producers in the country)
Aviation kerosene: 236,000 tonnes
Liquefied Petroleum Gas: 321,000 tonnes
Fuel oil, asphalt, petroleum coke

3. Technology and Upgrades
Refining depth: approximately 72%; light oil yield: 68%
Upgrade Plan: KMG will invest US$3 billion to expand capacity to 9 million tonnes per year and add a new hydrocracking unit.

Features: Kazakhstan’s only large-scale road asphalt production base

4. Latest Developments

Privatization Rumors: By the end of 2025, the Kazakh government is considering selling a portion of its equity to attract strategic investors.

Arctic shipping route: Products are exported to Europe and the Asia-Pacific region via the Pavlodar–Russian Railway.

III. Atyrau Refinery (ANPZ) – the country’s oldest refinery and the cornerstone of its petrochemical industry

1. Basic Information about the Company

Commissioned: 1945 (Kazakhstan’s first oil refinery during World War II)

Location: Atyrau, western Kazakhstan (on the Caspian Sea coast)

Equity: 99% is wholly owned by KMG.

Production Capacity: 5.5 Million Tons… A Detailed Overview of the Top Ten Refining Companies (20,000 Words)
Detailed Overview of Kazakhstan’s Top Ten Refining Companies (Latest Edition, 2026)
As the largest oil producer in Central Asia, Kazakhstan’s crude oil output is projected to exceed 90 million tonnes by 2025; however, its domestic refining industry currently exhibits a structure characterized by “three major state-owned refineries taking the lead, with mid-sized and deep-processing refineries playing a supporting role, private firms providing complementary capacity, and coordinated synergy among petrochemical infrastructure facilities.” At present, Kazakhstan operates 12 large-scale refineries with a combined annual refining capacity of approximately 18.5 million tonnes. In 2025, actual crude oil throughput is expected to reach 17.46 million tonnes, while refined-product output will total 14.55 million tonnes, essentially achieving domestic self-sufficiency with modest export volumes. The following section provides a comprehensive review of Kazakhstan’s top ten refiners, organized by refining capacity, market share, industry influence, and asset size, covering company profiles, equity structures, refinery locations, production capacities, product mixes, technological features, market positions, and the latest developments for the 2025–2026 period.

I. Shymkent Refinery (SOR LLC) – a leading Sino-Kazakh joint venture in the refining and petrochemical industry (ranked No. 1 in China)

1. Company Overview
Establishment and Operations: Founded in 1985 during the Soviet era, it was restructured in 2006 as a joint venture between Kazakhstan’s National Oil and Gas Company (KMG) and China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).

Headquarters/Location: Shymkent, Turkestan Region, southern Kazakhstan (a transportation hub in southern Central Asia, bordering Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan)

Equity Structure: Kazakhstan National Oil and Gas Company (KMG) holds a 50% stake, and China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) holds a 50% stake.

Industry Position: As Kazakhstan’s largest refinery, it is the undisputed leader in the country’s refining and petrochemical industry, accounting for 32.4% of the nation’s total refining capacity and 35% of its total refined-product output.

Employee size: approximately 3,800

Core Qualification: Kazakhstan’s first refinery to achieve full compliance with Euro VI fuel standards, slated for certification in 2025. “Kazakhstan’s Best Oil Producer.”

Core production targets for 2025: annual crude oil processing capacity of 6.23 million tonnes (4% above design capacity), light oil yield of 82% (the highest in the country), and annual output of 2.28 million tonnes of gasoline, 2.10 million tonnes of diesel, 319,000 tonnes of aviation kerosene, and 335,000 tonnes of liquefied petroleum gas.

2. Refining Facilities and Process Configuration

Design capacity: 6 million tonnes per year (6 million tonnes per year of atmospheric distillation capacity)

Process Units: Three atmospheric distillation units, two catalytic cracking units (with a combined processing capacity of 2.4 million tonnes per year), two hydrotreating units, one catalytic reforming unit, one gas fractionation unit, and one sulfur recovery unit.

Refining depth: 91% (second highest nationwide); light oil yield: 82% (highest nationwide).
Technology Source: Comprehensive introduction of mature refining processes from China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC); core equipment is constructed by CNPC and China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation (CPECC).
Environmental protection standards: sulfur recovery rate of 99.8%, wastewater treatment rate of 100%, and flue gas emissions in compliance with the EU Industrial Emissions Directive (IED).

3. Product Structure and Market Coverage
Main Products (2025):
Gasoline: AI-92, AI-95, and AI-98 (Euro V standard), accounting for 42% of Kazakhstan’s total gasoline production.
Diesel: Ultra-low-sulfur diesel (sulfur content <10 ppm), accounting for 36% of Kazakhstan’s total diesel production.
Aviation kerosene: TS-1 and Jet A-1, supplied to the civil aviation markets in southern Kazakhstan and several Central Asian countries.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): a fuel for residential and industrial use, exported to Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.
By-products: sulfur, petroleum coke, and asphalt
Market Layout:
Domestic: Covers 14 provinces in southern and central Kazakhstan, capturing a significant share of the southern market. 75%
Exports: Exported via road and rail to Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, with annual export volumes exceeding 800,000 tonnes.
4. Core Advantages and Strategic Value
A model of China–Kazakhstan cooperation: a benchmark for mixed-ownership operations, with management efficiency and profitability ranking first among Kazakhstan’s refining companies, and projected net profit of US$320 million in 2025.
Regional Monopoly: Control over the refined oil market in southern Central Asia, which serves as a core node in energy cooperation under the China–Central Asia–West Asia Economic Corridor.
Raw Material Assurance: The facility processes 100% crude oil sourced from the Tengiz and Karachaganak fields in western Kazakhstan, supplied directly via the KTK pipeline, resulting in a 12% to 15% reduction in raw material costs.
Expansion Plan: The “6+6” expansion project will be launched in February 2026, with an investment of US$4.5 billion, doubling capacity from 6 million tonnes per year to 12 million tonnes per year. Completion and commissioning are expected in 2032, with the addition of new hydrocracking and aromatics units and an upgrade of product quality to Euro VI standards. Standard

5. Latest Developments in 2026

Planned Major Overhaul: A comprehensive 24-day overhaul is scheduled to take place from March 27 to April 20, 2026, to be conducted every four years. This overhaul will involve inspection of 573 pressure equipment units and 170 process pipelines. Kazakhstan will ensure supply through its refined oil reserves.

Digital Transformation: Construction of a smart refinery will commence in 2026, with the integration of China National Petroleum Corporation’s digital control system. The plan is to achieve full-process automation and visualization by 2028.

Export Expansion: New refined oil export business to Afghanistan has been launched. Starting in May 2026, 150,000 tonnes of diesel will be supplied to Afghanistan annually via the Vashugula Border Crossing.

II. Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant (PNPZ Joint-Stock Company) — the second-largest state-owned refining enterprise (leading enterprise) in Northeast China

1. Basic Information about the Company

Commissioning date: 1978 (a key industrial project during the Soviet era)
Geographical Location: Pavlodar, northeastern Kazakhstan (adjacent to Russia’s Siberian region and situated along the Irtysh River).
Equity Structure: 100% owned by Kazakhstan National Oil and Gas Company (KMG)
Industry Position: The second-largest refinery in Kazakhstan and a core player in the refining and petrochemical production sector in the northeast, accounting for 29.7% of the country’s total refining capacity and 30% of its total refined oil output.
Employee size: approximately 4,200
Production and operations in 2025: crude oil processed totaled 5.76 million tonnes, exceeding design capacity by 5%; light oil yield reached 74.3%; refining depth stood at 94%, ranking first nationwide; output included 1.70 million tonnes of gasoline, 2.12 million tonnes of diesel, 236,000 tonnes of aviation kerosene, and 321,000 tonnes of liquefied petroleum gas.

2. Refining Facilities and Technical Characteristics
Design capacity: 5.5 million tonnes per year (atmospheric distillation capacity of 5.5 million tonnes per year)
Process Units: Four atmospheric distillation units, one large catalytic cracking unit (200,000 tonnes/year), two hydrotreating units, one delayed coking unit, one lubricant base oil unit, and two sulfur recovery units.
Refining depth: 94% (ranked first nationwide); light oil yield: 74.3%.
Technical Features: This is the only refinery in Kazakhstan with large-scale delayed coking and lubricant base oil production capabilities, capable of processing high-sulfur, heavy crude oil.
Modernization Journey: From 2010 to 2020, a total of US$2.2 billion was invested in modernization projects, gradually phasing out aging Soviet-era equipment and adding advanced downstream processing units, thereby increasing the refinery’s conversion rate from 68% to 94%.

3. Product Structure and Market Coverage
Main Products (2025):
Diesel: 2.12 million tonnes (produced by Kazakhstan’s largest diesel manufacturer, accounting for 37% of the national market share), compliant with the ultra-low-sulfur Euro V standard, and supplied to northern and northeastern Russia as well as southern Siberia.
Gasoline: 1.7 million tonnes (primarily AI-92/95), accounting for 28% of the national market.
Aviation kerosene: supplied to civil and military airports in northeastern Kazakhstan
Road asphalt: 600,000 tonnes per year (Kazakhstan’s only large-scale asphalt production base), supporting the “Bright Path” national infrastructure development plan.
Lubricant base oils: Group I and Group II base oils, with an annual production capacity of 150,000 tonnes, supplying the lubricant markets in Kazakhstan and Russia.
By-products: petroleum coke, sulfur, and fuel oil.
Market Layout:
Domestically: Covering five regions in northern and northeastern Kazakhstan, capturing 68% of the northern market share.
Exports: Through the Trans-Siberian Railway to Omsk Oblast and Novosibirsk Oblast in Russia, with annual export volumes exceeding 500,000 tonnes.

4. Core Advantages and Challenges
Location Advantage: Proximity to Russia enables shared access to Siberian crude oil resources and the Russian petroleum market, thereby achieving lower logistics costs.
Technological Leadership: The nation’s strongest deep-processing capabilities, completely eliminating low-value fuel oils and enabling the production of high-value-added products.
Raw material supply: The company processes crude oil sourced from Western Siberia and northern Kazakhstan, which is transported via the Atyrau–Pavlodar Pipeline.
Challenges: Aging equipment (with some units having operated for over 40 years); a new round of upgrades and renovations is scheduled to commence this year, starting in 2026; and EU sanctions will impact the supply of certain imported spare parts.

Expansion Plan: From 2025 to 2030, USD 3 billion will be invested to increase capacity to 9 million tonnes per year by adding a new hydrocracking unit with a capacity of 3 million tonnes per year and an aromatics unit, thereby raising the light oil yield to 80%.

5. Latest Developments in 2026

Privatization Controversy: At the end of 2025, Kazakhstan’s Competition Authority proposed selling a 50% stake to attract strategic investors. However, in December 2025, the Minister of Energy explicitly denied this, stating that the three major state-owned refineries would not be privatized and that the state would retain absolute control.

Raw Material Optimization: Starting in 2026, the share of domestically processed crude oil in Kazakhstan will increase from 30% to 60%, thereby reducing reliance on Russian crude.

Environmental Upgrade: A US$180 million investment will be made to construct a carbon capture and storage (CCS) system, which is expected to begin operations in 2027 and reduce annual CO2 emissions by 300,000 tonnes.

III. Atyrau Refinery (ANPZ JSC) — the oldest among the Western Refineries (the petrochemical core)

1. Company Overview
Commissioning date: 1945 (the first and oldest oil refinery in Kazakhstan during World War II)
Location: Atyrau in western Kazakhstan (on the Caspian Sea coast, the birthplace of Kazakhstan’s oil industry, adjacent to the Tengiz and Kashagan oilfields)
Equity Structure: 99% owned by Kazakhstan’s National Oil and Gas Company (KMG), with 1% held by employees.
Industry Position: The third-largest refining company and the core of western China’s refining and petrochemical industry, accounting for 29.7% of national refining capacity and 28% of national refined oil output.
Employee size: approximately 4,500
Production and operation targets for 2025: process 5.47 million tonnes of crude oil, achieve a light oil yield of 77%, attain a refining depth of 88%, and produce 1.80 million tonnes of gasoline, 1.90 million tonnes of diesel, 285,000 tonnes of aviation kerosene, and 302,000 tonnes of liquefied petroleum gas.

2. Refining Facilities and Process Configuration
Design capacity: 5.5 million tonnes per year; atmospheric distillation capacity: 5.5 million tonnes per year.

tons/year)

Process Units: five atmospheric distillation units, one catalytic cracking unit (with an annual processing capacity of 1.8 million tonnes), two hydrotreating units, one catalytic reforming unit, one naphtha cracker, and three sulfur recovery units.

Refining depth: 88%, light oil yield: 77%

Technical Features: As the only refinery in Kazakhstan with naphtha cracking and petrochemical feedstock production capabilities, it supplies ethylene and propylene feedstocks to the Atyrau Petrochemical Complex.

Upgrading and Modernization: From 2015 to 2024, a total of US$2.5 billion was invested in modernization efforts, including the construction of two new hydrotreating units, the comprehensive phase-out of outdated production capacity, and the achievement of Euro V emission standards for products.

3. Product Structure and Market Coverage

Main Products (2025):

Gasoline: 1.8 million tonnes (with AI-95/98 accounting for 40% of the total, making it the primary supplier of high-octane gasoline in Kazakhstan)

Diesel: 1.9 million tonnes (ultra-low-sulfur Euro V standard), accounting for 33% of the national total—a substantial share.
Aviation kerosene: Supplying civil and military airports in western Kazakhstan and the Caspian Sea region.
Petrochemical feedstocks: ethylene, propylene, benzene, and toluene, with an annual production capacity of 450,000 tonnes, supplied to the Atyrau IPCI polypropylene project.
By-products: sulfur (Kazakhstan’s largest sulfur producer, with an annual capacity of 800,000 tonnes), petroleum coke, and asphalt.
Market Layout:
Domestically: Covering eight provinces in western and southern Kazakhstan, capturing 70% of the western market share.
Exports: Through the Caspian Sea to Azerbaijan and Iran, and by rail to Russia and Europe, with annual export volumes exceeding 700,000 tonnes.

4. Core Advantages and Strategic Positioning
Resource Hub: Located in Kazakhstan’s core oil-producing region, adjacent to the world’s second-largest oilfield—Tengiz—and the Caspian Sea’s largest oilfield—Kashagan—this location ensures 100% self-sufficiency in raw materials and delivers the lowest production costs.
Petrochemical Synergy: As a core enterprise in the Atyrau Special Economic Zone’s Chemical Industrial Park, it operates in synergy with the IPCI polypropylene project (with an annual capacity of 500,000 tonnes) and the Silleno polyethylene project (with an annual capacity of 1.25 million tonnes), thereby establishing an integrated refining-and-chemicals hub.

Export Hub: The largest oil export terminal on the Caspian Sea coast, enabling diversified exports via the Caspian–Black Sea–Europe corridor.

Expansion Plan: From 2025 to 2028, an investment of USD 1.8 billion will be made to increase capacity to 6.7 million tonnes per year, add a new hydrocracking unit, and raise the refining depth to 93%.

5. Latest Developments in 2026

Integrated Project: The Atyrau Refining and Petrochemical Integration Expansion Project is scheduled to commence in April 2026 to support the Silleno Polyethylene Project (with KMG holding a 40% stake, Sinopec 30%, and SIBUR 30%), which will add a new ethane cracker unit and enter commercial operation in 2029.

Countermeasures to sanctions: accelerate equipment localization, collaborate with Sinopec and Lukoil to introduce alternative technologies, and strive to achieve a 65% localization rate for spare parts by 2026.

Export Breakthrough: First Export of 85,000 Tons of Diesel to Hungary in 2026, Opening Up a New EU Market

IV. PetroKazakhstan (PK)—a China-controlled, fully integrated oil and gas company

1. Company Overview

Established in 1996 as a subsidiary of Canadian Oil in Kazakhstan, it was fully acquired by China National Petroleum Corporation in 2005 for US$4.18 billion, making it the largest energy M&A deal in Central Asia.

Headquarters: Almaty, Kazakhstan

Equity Structure: 100% owned by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) through CNODC.

Industry Position: The world’s fourth-largest refining and petrochemical company and the largest privately owned, fully integrated oil and gas enterprise, accounting for 8% of Kazakhstan’s upstream crude oil production and 5.4% of its refining and petrochemical capacity.

Employee headcount: approximately 4,200 (including about 800 in the refining and chemicals segment)

Core Business: Integrated Operations in Oil and Gas Exploration and Development, Refining, Petroleum Product Sales, and Pipeline Transportation

2. Refining Assets: Kumkol Refinery

Location: Kumkol, Kyzylorda Region, southern Kazakhstan (adjacent to the PK core oilfield)

Commissioning date: 2008 (the only newly built private refinery in Kazakhstan in nearly 30 years)
Design capacity: 1 million tonnes per year (including 1 million tonnes per year of atmospheric distillation capacity).
Process Units: 1 atmospheric distillation unit, 1 hydrotreating unit, 1 catalytic reforming unit, and 1 gas fractionation unit.
Refining depth: 85%, light oil yield: 78%
Feedstock: 100% light, low-sulfur, refinery-grade PK crude oil sourced from its own Kun Kur oilfield.

3. Product Structure and Market
Main products: AI-92/95 gasoline (Euro V standard), ultra-low sulfur diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, aviation kerosene, and sulfur.
Market Coverage: The company supplies Kyzylorda Region and South Kazakhstan Region in southern Kazakhstan, capturing a 35% market share in the region; it also engages in small-scale exports to Uzbekistan.

2025 Performance: Processed 1.02 million tonnes of crude oil, produced 380,000 tonnes of gasoline and 420,000 tonnes of diesel, and achieved a net profit of US$42 million.

4. Core Advantages and Latest Developments

Full industrial chain: upstream (Kunkur Oilfield, with an annual crude oil output of 1.8 million tonnes) — refining — sales integration, ensuring self-sufficiency in feedstock and controllable costs.

Advanced Technology: Designed and constructed in accordance with Chinese standards, highly digitized, and achieving unit processing costs 18% lower than those of state-owned refineries.

Expansion Plan: From 2026 to 2028, a US$350 million investment will be made to increase capacity to 2 million tonnes per year, with the addition of a new catalytic cracking unit that will produce high-octane gasoline and specialty diesel.

Sales Network: Operates 120 gas stations in Kazakhstan, with the “PetroKazakhstan” brand covering five southern provinces.

V. Bilirik-Energy LLC – a private refining giant (a leading enterprise in central-western Kazakhstan)

1. Company Overview

Founded in 2003 (a Kazakhstani domestic private oil group)

Headquarters: Aktobe, Kazakhstan (an industrial center in west-central Kazakhstan)

Equity Structure: The company is a holding company wholly owned in private by Kazakhstani investors—the founding family of Bakytzhan Sagintayev.
Industry Position: The fifth-largest refining and petrochemical enterprise and the largest privately owned oil-refining operator, accounting for 4.9% of China’s total refining and petrochemical capacity and handling 56% of the nation’s oil and gas transportation volume.
Employee headcount: approximately 2,800 (including about 1,200 in the refining and chemicals segment).
Core business: integrated operations spanning oil and gas exploration, refining, pipeline transportation, and petroleum product sales.
2. Core Refining Asset: Aktobe Refinery
Location: Aktobe, west-central Kazakhstan
Commissioning date: 2011 (Kazakhstan’s most recently built large-scale privately owned refinery).
Design capacity: 900,000 tonnes per year (900,000 tonnes per year atmospheric distillation capacity).
Process units: one atmospheric distillation unit, one hydrotreating unit, one catalytic reforming unit, and one delayed coking unit.
Refining depth: 89%; light oil yield: 76%.
Feedstock: Processed crude oil sourced from Western Siberia and central-western Kazakhstan.
3. Products and Market
Products: AI-92/95 gasoline, ultra-low sulfur diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel oil, and asphalt.

Market: Covers three regions in central and western Kazakhstan, capturing a 40% market share in the region; concurrently conducts small-scale exports to Orenburg Oblast in Russia.

2025 Performance: Processed 920,000 tonnes of crude oil, produced 340,000 tonnes of gasoline and 380,000 tonnes of diesel, and achieved a net profit of US$38 million.

4. Core Advantages

Transportation Monopoly: Operates 56% of Kazakhstan’s main crude oil pipelines, controlling the lifeline of crude oil logistics in central and western Kazakhstan.

Agile Operations: Under a private-sector model, efficient decision-making enables rapid adjustments to the product mix in response to market fluctuations.

Regional Deep Penetration: Achieving a monopolistic position in the central and western markets and forging deep partnerships with local governments and enterprises.

Latest update: A capacity expansion project with an annual output of 600,000 tonnes will be launched in 2026, involving an investment of US$220 million. By 2029, total capacity is expected to reach 1.5 million tonnes per year.

VI. Kazakhstan Petroleum Resources LLC (PRK) – a High-End Private Refinery (Pioneer of Euro VI Standards)

1. Company Overview

Established in 2012 (Kazakhstan’s first fully privately owned and independently constructed modern refinery).

Headquarters: Karaganda, Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan (Central Industrial Hub)

Equity Structure: 100% owned by a Kazakh private equity fund.

Industry Position: The sixth-largest refining and petrochemical enterprise, a benchmark for high-end petroleum products, with a production capacity accounting for 4.1% of the national total, and the first to achieve large-scale production compliant with Euro VI standards.

Employee size: approximately 750

Core Positioning: Focused on the production of high-value-added, high-quality refined petroleum products, serving the premium market.

2. Core Refining Parameters

Design capacity: 750,000 tonnes/year (atmospheric distillation capacity of 750,000 tonnes/year)

Process Configuration: Full-Process Deep-Processing Unit (Atmospheric Distillation, Hydrocracking, Hydrofining, Catalytic Reforming, Isomerization)

Refining depth: 96% (second highest nationwide, behind only Pavlodar); light oil yield: 85%.

Technical Standards: Utilizing the latest EU refining technologies, the product fully complies with the Euro VI emission standards as of 2019, with a sulfur content of less than 5 ppm.

Feedstock: Processed low-sulfur crude oil from central Kazakhstan

3. Products and Market

High-end products: AI-98/100 ultra-high-octane gasoline, Euro VI ultra-low-sulfur diesel, Jet A-1 aviation kerosene, and specialty solvents.

Market: Targeting the high-end segment in central Kazakhstan—primarily industrial, mining, and premium automotive manufacturers—with coverage spanning Almaty and capturing 35% of the high-end lubricants market share.

2025 Performance: Processed 760,000 tonnes of crude oil, produced 280,000 tonnes of gasoline and 320,000 tonnes of diesel, and achieved a net profit of US$45 million (with the highest profit margin nationwide).

4. Core Advantages

Technological Leadership: Kazakhstan’s only producer capable of manufacturing a full range of Euro VI–compliant fuels, with a premium pricing of 10% to 15%.

Efficient Operations: Digital and intelligent refineries achieve per-capita capacity 2.3 times that of state-owned refiners, with processing costs reduced by 22%.

Latest developments: In 2026, the company was awarded the “Green Refining Demonstration Enterprise” title by the Government of Kazakhstan and invested US$120 million in the construction of a photovoltaic power plant. It is expected that by 2028 the refinery will operate at full capacity and achieve 100% green electricity supply.
VII. Alan Petroleum and Natural Gas LLC – a small to medium-sized refining enterprise in central-western Kazakhstan
1. Company Overview
Founded in 2005 (a mid-sized oil and gas company headquartered in Kazakhstan)
Headquarters: Uralsk, West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan
Equity Structure: 60% is privately held by Kazakh investors, while Rosneft holds a 40% stake.
Industry Position: The seventh-largest refiner in Kazakhstan, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s total refining capacity and serving as a key complement to the central and western regions.
Employee size: approximately 520
Core Business: Oil and Gas Exploration, Small-Scale Refining, and Wholesale Sales of Petroleum Products
2. Asset Optimization: Uralsk Refinery
Location: Uralsk, western Kazakhstan (bordering Russia)
Commissioning date: 2010 (converted from a small Soviet-era refinery)
Design Capacity: 500,000 tonnes per year Processing Units: Atmospheric Distillation, Hydrofining, Catalytic Reforming Processing Depth: 82% Light Oil Yield: 72% Feedstock: West Siberian crude oil, Western Kazakhstani crude oil 3. Products and Market Products: AI-92 gasoline, diesel fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, fuel oil Market: Supplies western Kazakhstan and the northern part of Atyrau Region, with a regional market share of 25%; small volumes are exported to Russia 2025 Operating Performance: Processes 510,000 tonnes of crude oil, produces 180,000 tonnes of gasoline and 220,000 tonnes of diesel, achieving a net profit of US$18 million 4. Key Features Russian–Kazakh Cooperation: Leveraging raw material and technical support from Rosneft to ensure stable operations Regional Gap-Filling: Fills the coverage gap left by large refineries, serving remote areas Latest Development: In 2026, entered into a cooperation agreement with Russia’s Lukoil, investing US$80 million in an upgrade and modernization project; capacity is expected to increase to 800,000 tonnes per year by 2027 VIII. Caspian Asphalt LLC—A Dedicated Asphalt Refinery 1. Company Overview

Established in 2008: a specialized refining and petrochemical enterprise focused on asphalt production.
Headquarters: Aktau, Mangystau Region, Kazakhstan (a port city on the Caspian Sea)
Equity Structure: KazAvtoZhol, the Kazakhstan National Highway Company, holds a controlling stake (70%), while KMG holds a minority stake (30%).
Industry Position: The eighth-largest refining and petrochemical enterprise in Kazakhstan and the country’s sole specialized asphalt refinery, accounting for 2.4% of the nation’s total refining capacity.
Employee size: approximately 480
Core Positioning: Providing road asphalt for Kazakhstan’s “Bright Path” infrastructure project.

2. Core Refining Parameters

Design capacity: 450,000 tonnes per year (crude oil processing capacity of 450,000 tonnes per year)
Process features: Primarily employs vacuum distillation and oxidized asphalt processes, with a focus on producing high-grade road asphalt.
Products: Road asphalt grades 70, 90, and 110 (compliant with GOST and ASTM standards), with an annual production capacity of 400,000 tonnes.
Feedstock: Processed heavy crude oil from western Kazakhstan (high asphalt content)

3. Market and Value

Market: The exclusive supplier of national highway and railway infrastructure projects in Kazakhstan, holding an 85% share of the national road asphalt market.
Geographical Location: Adjacent to the Aktau Port on the Caspian Sea, it supplies asphalt via maritime transport to infrastructure projects in western and southern Kazakhstan.

2025 Performance: Processed 440,000 tonnes of crude oil, produced 390,000 tonnes of asphalt, and achieved a net profit of US$21 million.

Latest update: A 300,000-ton-per-year capacity expansion project is scheduled to commence in 2026, with a total investment of US$150 million. By 2028, annual production capacity is expected to reach 750,000 tons, thereby meeting infrastructure demand in Central Asia.

IX. KazPetroChem LLC – Petrochemical-Integrated Refining Enterprise

1. Company Overview

Established in 2013 (a company supporting Kazakhstan’s petrochemical industry)

Headquarters: Atyrau, Kazakhstan (Atyrau Special Economic Zone)

Equity Structure: KazChem (60%), SIBUR (Russia) (40%)

Industry Position: The ninth-largest refining and petrochemical enterprise in China, a specialized supplier of petrochemical feedstocks, with capacity accounting for 2.2% of the national total.

Employee size: approximately 450

Core business: processing refinery naphtha and condensate to produce petrochemical feedstocks such as ethylene, propylene, and aromatics.

2. Refining Facilities

Design Capacity: 400,000 tonnes per year (condensate/naphtha processing)

Process Units: Naphtha Fractionation Unit, Hydrofining Unit, Aromatics Extraction Unit

Products: benzene, toluene, xylene, and light naphtha (ethylene feedstock), with an annual production capacity of 350,000 tonnes.

Raw materials: naphtha and condensate sourced from the Atyrau Refinery and the Shymkent Refinery.

3. Market and Synergy

Market: As the exclusive supplier for IPCI, we provide services for the Atyrau polypropylene project and the Silleno polyethylene project, capturing 25% of Kazakhstan’s petrochemical feedstock market. Synergies: Through deep integration with KMG and SIBUR, we have established a fully integrated “refining–petrochemicals–plastics” value chain.
2025 Performance: Process 390,000 tonnes of feedstock, produce 280,000 tonnes of aromatics, and achieve net profit.

US$16 million
Latest update: In 2026, a US$180 million investment will be made to expand the Silleno project by constructing a new pyrolysis unit, with capacity expected to reach 800,000 tonnes per year by 2029.
X. The Tenggeri Chevroil Company (TCO) Affiliated Refinery—A Super Oilfield Integrating Refining and Chemical Production
1. Company Overview
Company Background: Tengizchevroil (TCO) is Kazakhstan’s largest oilfield operator, with the Tengiz field accounting for an annual crude oil production of 35 million tonnes. Its shareholder structure is as follows: Chevron holds a 50% stake, ExxonMobil holds 25%, KazMunayGas holds 20%, and Russia’s Lukoil holds 5%.
Refining and petrochemical positioning: As the tenth-largest refining and petrochemical enterprise, it is a small-scale refinery primarily serving a certain ultra-large oilfield. It does not have independent legal person status and is affiliated with TCO’s downstream business segment.
Production Capacity: 300,000 tonnes per year (condensate and associated crude oil processing)
Core function: Supplying fuel and petroleum products for its own operations in the Tengger Oilfield operating area and the Atyrau region.
2. Facilities and Products

Process: Simple atmospheric distillation and hydrotreating unit

Products: diesel, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas, and fuel oil, all used for internal consumption and supply to oilfield operations.

Significance: To ensure the production and operation of ultra-large oilfields and reduce reliance on imported petroleum products.

Latest development: In 2026, TCO will invest US$50 million to upgrade and modernize the refinery, increasing its capacity to 500,000 tonnes per year and adding jet fuel production capability.

Overall Structure and Development Trends of Kazakhstan’s Refining Industry (2026)

1. Market Structure: High Degree of Monopoly, with State Ownership Dominating

Concentration: The combined capacity of the three major state-owned and joint-venture refineries—Shymkent, Pavlodar, and Atyrau—accounts for 91.8% of the country’s total refining capacity, with KazMunayGas directly or indirectly controlling 68% of that capacity, thereby establishing a structure characterized by “a single dominant player (KazMunayGas) plus multi-stakeholder participation (Chinese-invested, private, and international oil companies).”

Ownership structure: State-owned (China National Petroleum Corporation) holds 68%, Chinese-invested (Sinopec Group) holds 18%, private enterprises hold 10%, and international oil companies hold 4%.

2. Technical Level: Rapid Upgrades, Benchmarking Against the EU

Overall Improvement: From 2015 to 2026, cumulative investments exceeding US$12 billion were made for upgrading and modernization, increasing the national average refining conversion depth from 72% to 90% and the light oil yield from 65% to 78%.

Standard Upgrade: All three major refineries will fully comply with Euro V standards, PRK will achieve Euro VI standards, and by 2030 the entire industry will be upgraded to Euro VI+ standards.

Areas for improvement: High-end lubricants and specialty petrochemical products still rely on imports; the level of integrated refining operations remains low.

3. Supply, Demand, and Exports: Self-Sufficiency and Exports to Central Asia

Supply–demand balance: In 2025, refined oil production will reach 14.55 million tonnes, domestic consumption will be 13.80 million tonnes, and exports will amount to 750,000 tonnes, achieving complete self-sufficiency with a small net export surplus.

Export orientation: shifting from Europe to Central Asia, Russia, Iran, and Afghanistan; by 2025, exports to Central Asia will account for 65% of total exports.

Long-term plan: By 2032, production capacity will be increased to 30 million tonnes, and by 2040 it will reach 40 million tonnes, thereby establishing the region as a major oil-export hub in Central Asia.

4. China–Kazakhstan Cooperation: Deep Integration and Comprehensive Engagement

Core projects: the Shymkent Refinery (a 50:50 joint venture), the Xileno Polyethylene Project (with Sinopec holding a 30% stake), and PK Oil Company (wholly owned by China National Petroleum Corporation).

Cooperation Model: Upgrading from “Engineering Contracting + Equipment Supply” to “Equity Cooperation + Technology Transfer + Operations Management”

Future direction: The total investment in three major projects—the capacity expansion in Shymkent, the Atyrau integrated development initiative, and the modernization of Pavlodar—exceeds US$10 billion, with Chinese investment accounting for more than 60% of the total.

5. Challenges and Opportunities

Challenges: International sanctions affecting the import of technology and equipment, aging infrastructure at some refineries, and intensifying regional competition (including capacity expansion at Uzbekistan’s refineries).

Opportunities include economic integration in Central Asia, the deepening of energy cooperation between China and Central Asia, the opening of the Caspian Sea transport corridor, and the boost to domestic oil demand driven by infrastructure development.

The foregoing provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of Kazakhstan’s top ten refining companies, covering their corporate profiles, ownership structures, production capacities, product portfolios, process technologies, market strategies, and the latest developments as of 2026. For more in-depth reports on individual companies, refining process parameters, details of China–Kazakhstan cooperation projects, and industry investment analyses, please feel free to contact us at any time.